2025-11-032025-11-032025-10-29BISPO, Carlos Capela. Análise de metais pesados em águas amazônicas na região insular de Belém-PA. Orientadora Hebe Marganne Campos. 71 f. 2025. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Ambientais) - Centro de Ciências Naturais e Tecnologia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, 2025.https://portaldaposgraduacao.uepa.br/handle/riuepa/253AbertoQualidade da águaÁguas superficiaisIlha do CombuMetais traçosMonitoramento ambientalWater qualitySurface watersCombu IslandTrace metalsEnvironmental monitoringTeseEngenharias::Engenharia Sanitária::Saneamento Ambiental::Qualidade do Ar, das Águas e do SoloThe increasing anthropogenic pressure on Amazonian aquatic ecosystems has compromised the quality of surface waters, particularly in urban and transitional areas between natural and human-modified environments, such as the Environmental Protection Area (APA) Ilha do Combu, in the municipality of Belém (PA), northern Brazil. To understand the environmental scenario in this region, a systematic literature review was conducted on the occurrence of heavy metals in rivers of the Pará Amazon, aiming to assess the evolution of metal contamination and its impacts on water quality, ecosystems, and public health. To better characterize the current situation, a descriptive and quali-quantitative approach was implemented, analyzing studies published between 2005 and 2023 that presented robust evidence according to CONAMA Resolutions No. 274/2000 and 357/2005, and Ordinance No. 888/2021. The results revealed high concentrations of Pb, Cu, As, Cd, Cr, and Hg, with Pb and Hg identified in 60% of the reviewed studies. Considering the need to assess heavy metal concentrations in the surface waters of the Guamá River within the APA Ilha do Combu, a region subject to urban and tourism pressures, water samples (in triplicate) were collected from nine (9) distinct points across the island during the rainy (June 2023) and dry (May 2024) seasons. The samples were analyzed for nine (9) metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Water quality (seven physicochemical parameters) was evaluated using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI), adapted to CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005. The integration of physicochemical parameters with metal concentrations, based on CETESB and APHA. The results revealed significant temporal variations, with increased metal concentrations during the dry period (2024) and several physicochemical parameters exceeding the limits established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005. Statistical analyses indicated strong correlations between turbidity, color, conductivity, and metal concentrations, and negative correlations with dissolved oxygen. All sampling points were classified as having “poor” water quality, with Al, Fe, and Mn exceeding legal limits, particularly during the dry season. Contamination sources were attributed to both natural and anthropogenic factors, such as inadequate sanitation and unregulated tourism. The results indicate ecological risks and highlight the urgent need for continuous environmental monitoring and management. The research demonstrates the influence of temporal and anthropogenic factors on water quality, identifying the Combu Channel. (Sampling Point 3) as the most impacted area. This study is original in correlating physicochemical parameters and metal concentrations with hydrological variations in the Amazon region. It was observed that industrial, agricultural, and urban development have intensified the degradation of water resources. The findings reinforce the socio-environmental importance of continuous monitoring and contribute to understanding the relationship between land use and surface water contamination by heavy metals.PPGCA - Estudos de ecossistemas amazônicos